PCOS and Infertility: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Posted On February 7, 2026

PCOS and infertility often go hand in hand, affecting many women worldwide. PCOS, or polycystic ovary syndrome, is a common hormone problem. It can make it hard to get pregnant. Many people search for answers about how PCOS affects fertility, PCOS treatment for infertility, and PCOS symptoms and diagnosis. Understanding these topics can help you take control of your health. In this blog, we will explain what PCOS is, how it causes infertility, and what you can do about it.

What is PCOS?

PCOS stands for polycystic ovary syndrome. It is a health condition that affects how a woman’s ovaries work. The ovaries are small organs that make eggs and hormones. With PCOS, the ovaries may not release eggs regularly. This can lead to problems with periods and fertility. According to the CDC, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. However, with the right care, many women can manage their symptoms.

How Does PCOS Cause Infertility?

PCOS can make it hard to get pregnant for several reasons. First, women with PCOS may not ovulate every month. Ovulation is when an egg is released from the ovary. Without ovulation, pregnancy cannot happen. Second, PCOS can cause hormone imbalances. These changes can affect the lining of the uterus, making it harder for a fertilized egg to attach. In some cases, PCOS can also lead to other health issues, like insulin resistance, which may further affect fertility.

Common Symptoms of PCOS

PCOS symptoms can vary from person to person. Some women may have only a few signs, while others may have many. Still, knowing the common symptoms can help you recognize PCOS early. Here are some signs to watch for:Irregular periods or missed periodsExcess hair growth on the face or bodyAcne or oily skinWeight gain or trouble losing weightThinning hair on the scalpDark patches of skin, often on the neck or underarmsDifficulty getting pregnant

If you notice these symptoms, it is important to talk to your doctor. Early diagnosis can help prevent long-term problems.

Diagnosing PCOS and Infertility

Doctors use several steps to diagnose PCOS and infertility. First, they will ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, they may do a physical exam. Blood tests can check your hormone levels. An ultrasound can look at your ovaries and uterus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a diagnosis of PCOS is made if you have at least two of these three signs:Irregular or missed periodsHigh levels of male hormones (found in blood tests or by symptoms like extra hair growth)Ovaries that look larger or have many small cysts (seen on ultrasound)

Because other health problems can cause similar symptoms, your doctor may rule out other conditions before confirming PCOS.

Treatment Options for PCOS-Related Infertility

There are several ways to treat PCOS-related infertility. The right treatment depends on your symptoms and health goals. Here are some common options:Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight and eating a healthy dietMedicines to help you ovulate, like clomiphene or letrozoleMetformin, a medicine that helps with insulin resistanceHormone treatments, such as birth control pills, to regulate periods (not for women trying to get pregnant)In vitro fertilization (IVF) for women who do not respond to other treatmentsSurgery (rarely), such as ovarian drilling, to help with ovulation

Always talk to your doctor about the best PCOS treatment for infertility. In some cities, you may find special clinics that offer PCOS treatment in your area.

Lifestyle Tips for Managing PCOS and Improving Fertility

Making healthy lifestyle choices can help manage PCOS and boost fertility. Even small changes can make a big difference. Here are some tips:Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grainsExercise regularly, aiming for at least 30 minutes most daysMaintain a healthy weight, as even a small weight loss can helpLimit processed foods and sugary drinksManage stress with relaxation techniques, like yoga or meditationGet enough sleep each night

These steps can help control symptoms and improve your chances of getting pregnant.

Prevention and When to Seek Medical Help

While you cannot always prevent PCOS, healthy habits may lower your risk. Early treatment can also prevent complications. You should see a doctor if you:Have irregular periods or no periods at allNotice signs of high male hormones, like extra hair or acneHave trouble getting pregnant after trying for a yearExperience sudden weight gain or other unusual symptoms

Doctors can help you find the right treatment and support. According to the CDC, early care can improve your health and fertility.

Consult a specialist at SIDS Hospital & Research Centre for personalized guidance on PCOS and infertility. Our expert team is here to help you navigate treatment options and support you on your journey toward better reproductive health.